Metal

Tensile Testing of Reinforcement Bar (Rebar)

Tensile Testing of Reinforcement Bar (Rebar)

Rebar (reinforcing bar), usually made from ridged carbon steel, is a construction product mechanically anchored in reinforced concrete and masonry structures to improve tension. Rebar testing is a basic tensile test, where an escalating tensile load is applied to a rebar specimen until it yields or breaks, revealing important data about the specimen’s strength.

Our complete solutions for rebar tensile testing include:

  • Highly stiff, floor-standing servo hydraulic load frames for a range of force requirements
  • Intuitive, versatile and user-friendly software with powerful test design capabilities
  • Digital controllers with high channel density, high capacity and superior configurability
  • Hydraulic grips with special inserts for rebar specimens
  • Comprehensive selection of accessories including grips, extensometers, and furnaces

Test Standard:

  • BS EN ISO 15630-1
  • ISO 6892-1
  • BS 4449

Pendulum Impact Test Systems for Metals

The Charpy impact test is a destructive method and standardized high strain rate test which determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. Absorbed energy is a measure of the material’s notch toughness.

With pendulum energies from 150 to 450 Joules, this metal impact test system is designed to comply with ASTM and ISO standards. Equipped with powered pendulum retrieval, precision bearings, machine enclosure with interlock and several other safety features. Optional auto specimen feeder and integrated cooling chamber increase productivity and minimize operator error.

Key Products Features:

  • Durable / Reliable: Rugged cast iron frame absorbs shock and vibration for more accurate results
  • Accelerated Testing: Auto specimen feeding device ensures specimen is struck at the correct temperature within the five second testing requirement
  • Accurate / Repeatable Results: High-resolution, frictionless encoder for accurate measurement of impact angle
  • Easy, Intuitive Use: Ergonomic control panel with touchscreen display
  • Advanced Safety Features: Reliable disc brake for quick pendulum braking

Test Standard:

  • ASTM A370
  • ASTM E23
  • BS EN 10025-1
  • BS EN 10025-2
  • BS EN ISO 148-1

Pendulum Impact Test Systems for Metals

Inspection of Rubber Lined Metal Pipes or Vessels for Disbonds

Inspection of Rubber Lined Metal Pipes for Disbonds

Many metal pipes or vessels have rubber or other linings on the inside diameter for transport or mixing of certain fluids. There is a common requirement to be able to inspect the bonding between the metal and liner.

By using a transducer that can penetrate the rubber through the bondline, the amplitude of the interface can be measured with a flaw gate. Good bonding will attenuate the signal. A disbond will return a higher amplitude echo since the sound cannot now penetrate the rubber.

Initial tests with a 5MHz tranducer showed that we did not penetrate the rubber since a known disbond was not resolved. Therefore a lower frequency 2.25MHz was used with a composite construction to give better penetration and an improved signal to noise ratio. A dual-element was also required because of the curvature of the pipe; a single element was too sensitive to rocking of the transducer.

Solution:

  • Raptor Imaging Flaw Detector
  • RCA-10 or RCA-18 scanner
  • Dual-element 2.25MHz composite transducer (1/4”) Part No. AE07E06

Pipes and vessels with bonded internal liners can be inspected for disbonds automatically using the Raptor and RCA-10 or RCA-18 and a low frequency composite dual-element transducer.

Thickness Inspection

The requirement for accurate thickness measurements is found across many industries including aerospace, oil and gas, pharmaceutical and food processing.  Either for quality control in manufacturing or in-service verification often access is only available from one side and speed is critical.  The wall thickness from most materials can be measured ultrasonically including metals, composites, plastics and glass using a simple hand-held digital gauge.

In certain environments, a coating of paint or other non-metallic material may have been applied to protect the part.  A common application would be a painted pipe used in the petrochemical industry.  In this case a conventional ultrasonic gauge would give measurement errors from the presence of the paint.  However, with the correct gauge with through paint mode, measurement through the paint is possible resulting in the correct wall thickness measurement underneath.

NDT Systems offers a range of standard and high-resolution thickness gauges with features including A-trace display, B-scan, automatic probe recognition, data logging and much more. Furthermore, large area thickness mapping (C-scan) can be achieved using our Raptor imaging flaw detector and range of scanners.

Transducer (Probe) Type

Contact transducer – probes which transmit a pulse of compressional sound into the specimen at the right angles (normal) to its surface. It is the most common used transducer type for thickness measurement.

Delay Line transducer – in order to facilitate the complete inspection of thin plate sections it is necessary to eliminate the effect of the probe units dead zone and the earlier part of its near filed in which those areas of the interfering sound pressures exist. A normal angle probe is mounted on a plastic, epoxy or fused silica known as a delay block between probe element and test specimen

Immersion transducer – special waterproofed probes used in immersion testing which allow thinner and higher frequency crystals without face wear plates can be used with less chance of damage caused by probe handling encountered during contact scanning

Dual Element (Twin Crystal) transducer – comprises two crystals act as transmitter and receiver respectively which gives good sensitivity to near surface defects and measurement

Materials

  • Metals
  • Plastics
  • Composites
  • Glass
  • Fiberglass
  • Ceramics

Typical Applications

  • Turbine blade thickness
  • Corrosion & pitting
  • Boilers Glass
  • Storage tanks
  • Pipes and tubing
  • Metal sheet processing
  • Aerospace & automotive manufacture
  • Investment Castings
  • Chemical milling

Inspection of Rubber Lined Metal Pipes for Disbonds